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I would if I could a guide to web accessibility

Permanent, Temporary, and Situational disabilities

Understanding disability as context

Disability is not always permanent. Accessibility is not only about long-term conditions.

People may experience barriers because of:

  • Permanent disabilities
  • Temporary injuries or conditions
  • Situational limitations

Accessibility addresses barriers — not labels.

Permanent disabilities

Permanent disabilities are long-term conditions that significantly affect a person’s interaction with the world.

Examples:

  • Blindness
  • Deafness
  • Long-term mobility impairments
  • Chronic cognitive conditions

These are often what people think of first when discussing accessibility.

Temporary disabilities

Temporary disabilities affect someone for a limited period.

Examples:

  • A broken arm
  • Recovery from eye surgery
  • Temporary hearing loss
  • Concussion
  • Severe illness

During this time, accessibility barriers may resemble those experienced by people with permanent disabilities.

Situational limitations

Situational limitations occur when the environment restricts the ability.

Examples:

  • Bright sunlight makes screens hard to read
  • Holding a baby while using a phone
  • Being in a noisy environment
  • Slow internet connection
  • Using a device one-handed

These situations can create accessibility barriers even for people without diagnosed disabilities.

Why this matters

Accessibility is not about designing for a small group. It is about designing for human variability.

When we design for permanent disabilities, we often improve usability for temporary and situational limitations as well.

Accessible design increases resilience and flexibility.

Key takeaway

Disability is not a fixed category. It is often a mismatch between a person’s abilities and their environment. When digital services reduce barriers, they support people across permanent, temporary, and situational contexts.